CET6 2017年6月 第1套

CET6 2017年6月 第1套 · 听力

• 00:00:43 - Section A · 第 1 篇 · 1–4 题
• 00:04:31 - Section A · 第 2 篇 · 5–8 题
• 00:08:31 - Section B · 第 1 篇 · 9–12 题
• 00:11:43 - Section B · 第 2 篇 · 13–15 题
• 00:15:11 - Section C · 第 1 篇 · 16–18 题
• 00:18:57 - Section C · 第 2 篇 · 19–22 题
• 00:22:54 - Section C · 第 3 篇 · 23–25 题

• 原页面：https://english-exam.lazynote.cn/cet6/sections/listening/2017-06-1/
• 音频包含开场说明；第一个正式分段从 00:43 开始。

Transcript

Questions 1–4

1 W: Welcome to Work Place, and in today’s program we are looking at the results of two recently published surveys, which both deal with the same topic—happiness at work. John, tell us about the first survey.

2 M: Well, this was done by a human resources consultancy who interviewed more than 1,000 workers and established a top 10 of the factors which make people happy at work. The most important factor, for the majority of the people interviewed, was having friendly, supportive colleagues. In fact, 73% people interviewed put their relationship with colleagues as the key factor contributing to happiness at work, which is a very high percentage. The second most important factor was having work that is enjoyable. The two least important factors were having one’s achievements recognized and rather surprisingly, earning a competitive salary.

3 W: So, we are not mainly motivated by money?

4 M: Apparently not.

5 W: Any other interesting information in the survey?

6 M: Yes. For example, 25% of the working people interviewed described themselves as very happy at work. However, 20% of employees described themselves as being unhappy.

7 W: That’s quite a lot of unhappy people at work every day.

8 M: It is, isn’t it? And there were several more interesting conclusions revealed by the survey. First of all, small is beautiful. People definitely prefer working for smaller organizations or companies with less than 100 staff. We also find out that, generally speaking, women were happier in their work than men.

9 W: Yes, we are, aren’t we?

10 M: And workers on part-time contracts who only work 4 or 5 hours a day are happier than those who work full time. The researchers concluded that this is probably due to a better work-life balance.

11 W: Are bosses happier than their employees?

12 M: Yes. Perhaps not surprisingly, the higher people go in a company, the happier they are. So senior managers enjoy their jobs more than people working under them.

Questions 5–8

1 W: Mr. De Keyzer, I am a great lover of your book, Moments Before the Flood. Can you tell us how you first became interested in this subject matter?

2 M: In 2006, when the concert hall of the city of Bruges asked me to take some pictures for a catalogue for a new concert season around the theme of water, I found myself working along the Belgian coastline. As there had been numerous alarming articles in the press about a climate catastrophe waiting to happen, I started looking at the sea and the beach very differently, a place where I spent so many perfect days as a child. This fear of a looming danger became the subject of a large-scale photo project.

3 W: You wrote in the book “I don’t want to photograph the disaster; I want to photograph the disaster waiting to happen.” Can you talk a bit about that?

4 M: It is clear now that it’s a matter of time before the entire European coastline disappears under water. The same goes for numerous big cities around the world. My idea was to photograph this beautiful and very unique coastline, rich in history, before it’s too late—as a last witness.

5 W: Can you talk a bit about how history plays a role in this project?

6 M: Sure. The project is also about the history of Europe looking at the sea and wondering when the next enemy would appear. In the images, you see all kinds of possible defense constructions to hold back the Romans, Germans, Vikings, and now nature as enemy number one. For example, there is the image of the bridge into the sea taken at the Normandy D-Day landing site. Also, Venice, the city eternally threatened by the sea, where every morning wooden pathways have to be set up to allow tourists to reach their hotels.

7 W: Thank you, Mr. De Keyzer. It was a pleasure to have you with us today.

Questions 9–11

1 When facing a new situation, some people tend to rehearse their defeat by spending too much time anticipating the worst. I remember talking with a young lawyer who was about to begin her first jury trial. She was very nervous. I asked what impression she wanted to make on the jury. She replied, “I don’t want to look too inexperienced; I don’t want them to suspect this is my first trial.”

2 This lawyer had fallen victim to the “don’ts” syndrome, a form of negative goal setting. The “don’ts” can be self-fulfilling because your mind responds to pictures. Research conducted at Stanford University shows a mental image fires the nervous system the same way as actually doing something. That means when a golfer tells himself “Don’t hit the ball into the water,” his mind sees the image of the ball flying into the water. So guess where the ball will go. Consequently, before going into any stressful situation, focus only on what you want to have happen.

3 I asked the lawyer again how she wanted to appear at her first trial, and this time she said: “I want to look professional and self-assured.” I told her to create a picture of what “self-assured” would look like. To her, it meant moving confidently around the courtroom, using convincing body language and projecting her voice, so it could be heard from the judge’s bench to the back door. She also imagined a skillful closing argument and a winning trial. A few weeks after this positive dress rehearsal, the young lawyer did win.

Questions 13–13

1 Most Americans don’t eat enough fruits, vegetables or whole grains. Research now says adding fiber to the teen diet may help lower the risk of breast cancer.

2 Conversations about the benefits of fiber are probably more common in nursing homes than high schools. But along comes a new study that could change that. Christy King, a diet specialist at Texas Children’s Hospital, finds it hard to get teenage patients’ attention about healthy eating. But telling them that eating lots of high-fiber foods could reduce the risk of breast cancer before middle age, that’s a powerful message.

3 The new finding is based on a study of 44,000 women. They were surveyed about their diets during high school, and their eating habits were tracked for two decades. It turns out that those who consumed the highest levels of fiber during adolescence had a lower risk of developing breast cancer, compared to the women who ate the least fiber. This important study demonstrates that the more fiber you eat during your high school years, the lower your risk of developing breast cancer in later life.

4 The finding points to long-standing evidence that fiber may reduce circulating female hormone levels, which could explain the reduced risk. The bottom line here is the more fiber you eat, perhaps, a lower level of hormone in your body, and therefore, a lower lifetime risk of developing breast cancer. High-fiber diets are also linked to a reduced risk of heart disease and diabetes. That’s why women are told to eat 25 grams of fiber a day-men even more.

Questions 16–18

1 Well, my current research is really about consumer behavior. So recently I’ve looked at young people’s drinking and it’s obviously a major concern to government at the moment. I’ve also looked at how older people are represented in the media. Again, it’s of major current interest with older people becoming a much larger proportion of UK, and indeed, world society. I’m also interested in how consumers operate online and how that online behavior might be different from how they operate offline when they go to the shops.

2 Well, I think that the important thing here is to actually understand what’s happening from the consumers’ perspective. One of the things that businesses and indeed government organizations often fail to do is to really see what is happening from the consumers’ perspective. For example, in the case of young people’s drinking, one of the things that I’ve identified is that drinking for people, say, between the ages of 18 and 24 is all about the social activity. A lot of the government advertising has been about individual responsibility, but actually understanding that drinking is very much about the social activity and finding ways to help young people get home safely and not end up in hospital is one of the things that we’ve tried to present there.

3 The key thing about consumer behavior is that it’s very much about how consumers change. Markets always change faster than marketing, so we have to look at what consumers are doing. Currently I teach consumer behavior to undergraduates in their second year and we look at all kinds of things in consumer behavior and particularly how consumers are presented in advertising. So they get involved by looking at advertising and really critically assessing the consumer behavior aspects of it and getting involved, sometimes doing primary research. For example, last year my students spent a week looking at their own purchasing and analysed it in detail from shopping to the relationship that they have with their retail banks and their mobile phone providers. I think they found it very useful and it also helped them identify just what kind of budgets they had too. The fact of the matter is that there is a whole range of interesting research out there. And I think as the years go on, there is going to be much more for us to consider and certainly much more for students to become involved in.

Questions 19–21

1 Sweden was the first European country to print and use paper money, but it may soon do away with physical currencies. Banks can save a lot of money and avoid regulatory headaches by moving to a cash-free system, and they can also avoid bank robberies, theft, and dirty money.

2 Claer Barrett, the editor of Financial Times Money, says the Western world is headed toward a world without physical currency. Andy Holder—the chief economist at The Bank of England—suggested that the UK move towards a government-backed digital currency. But does a cashless society really make good economic sense? “The fact that cash is being drawn out of society is less a feature of our everyday lives, than the ease of electronic payments. Is this actually making us spend more money without realizing it?”

3 Barrett wanted to find out if the absence of physical currency does indeed cause a person to spend more, so she decided to conduct an experiment a few months ago. She decided that she was going to try to just use cash for two weeks to make all of her essential purchases and see what that would do to her spending. She found she did spend a lot less money because it is incredibly hard to predict how much cash one is going to need—she was forever drawing money out of cash points. Months later, she was still finding cash stuffed in her trouser pockets and the pockets of her handbags.

4 During the experiment, Barrett took a train ride. On the way, there was an announcement that the restaurant car was not currently accepting credit cards. The train cars were filled with groans because many of the passengers were traveling without cash.

5 “It underlines just how much things have changed in the last generation,” Barrett says. My parents, when they were younger, used to budget by putting money into envelopes—they’d get paid and they’d immediately separate the cash into piles and put them in envelopes, so they knew what they had to spend week by week. It was a very effective way for them to keep track of their spending.

6 Nowadays, we’re all on credit cards, we’re doing online purchases, and money is kind of becoming a less physical and more imaginary type of thing that we can’t get our hands around.

Questions 23–23

1 Why should you consider taking a course in demography in college? You will be growing up in the generation where the baby boomers are going into retirement and dying. You will face problems in the aging of the population that have never been faced before. You will hear more and more about migration between countries, and between rural areas and cities. You need to understand as a citizen and as a taxpayer and as a voter what’s really behind the arguments.

2 I want to tell you about the past, present and future of the human population, so let’s start with a few problems. Right now, a billion people are chronically hungry. That means they wake up hungry, they are hungry all day and they go to sleep hungry. A billion people are living in slums, not the same billion people, but there is some overlap. Living in slums means they don’t have infrastructure to take the garbage away. They don’t have secure water supplies to drink. Nearly a billion people are illiterate. Try to imagine your life being illiterate. You can’t read the labels on the bottles in the supermarket, if you can get to a supermarket. Two thirds of those people who are illiterate are women and about 200 to 250 million women don’t have access to birth control they want so that they can control their own fertility. This is not only a problem in developing countries; about half of all pregnancies globally are unintended. So those are examples of population problems.

3 Demography gives you the tools to understand and to address these problems. It’s not only the study of human population, but the populations of non-human species, including viruses, like influenza, the bacteria in your gut, plants that you eat, animals that you enjoy or that provide you with meat. Demography also includes the study of non-living objects like light bulbs and taxi cabs and buildings because these are also populations. It studies these populations in the past, present and future, using quantitative data and mathematical models as tools of analysis. I see demography as a central subject related to economics. It is the means to intervene more wisely and more effectively in the real world to improve the well being not only of yourself, important as that may be, but of people around you and of other species with whom we share the planet.

Questions, Answers & Analysis

Section A · Long Conversations

1. What is the number one factor that made employees happy according to the survey?

• A. Doing enjoyable work.
• B. Having friendly colleagues.
• C. Earning a competitive salary.
• D. Working for supportive bosses.

Answer: B — Having friendly colleagues.

The most important factor, for the majority of the people interviewed, was having friendly, supportive colleagues.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• having friendly, supportive colleagues ↔ Having friendly colleagues.

Why the other options are wrong

• A.
• C.
• D.

2. What is the percentage of the people surveyed who felt unhappy at work?

• A. 31%.
• B. 20%.
• C. 25%.
• D. 73%.

Answer: B — 20%.

25% of the working people interviewed described themselves as very happy at work. However, 20% of employees described themselves as being unhappy.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• 20% of employees described themselves as being unhappy ↔ 20%.

Why the other options are wrong

• A.
• C.
• D.

3. What kind of companies are popular with employees?

• A. Those of a small size.
• B. Those run by women.
• C. Those that are well managed.
• D. Those full of skilled workers.

Answer: A — Those of a small size.

First of all, small is beautiful. People definitely prefer working for smaller organizations or companies with less than 100 staff.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• smaller organizations or companies with less than 100 staff ↔ Those of a small size.

Why the other options are wrong

• B.
• C.
• D.

4. What is the possible reason for people on part-time contracts to be happier?

• A. They can hop from job to job easily.
• B. They can win recognition of their work.
• C. They can better balance work and life.
• D. They can take on more than one job.

Answer: C — They can better balance work and life.

And workers on part-time contracts who only work 4 or 5 hours a day are happier than those who work full time. The researchers concluded that this is probably due to a better work-life balance.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• a better work-life balance ↔ They can better balance work and life.

Why the other options are wrong

• A.
• B.
• D.

5. What does the man say about the book Moments Before the Flood?

• A. It is a book of European history.
• B. It is an introduction to music.
• C. It is about the city of Bruges.
• D. It is a collection of photos.

Answer: D — It is a collection of photos.

This fear of a looming danger became the subject of a large-scale photo project.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• photo project ↔ a collection of photos

Why the other options are wrong

• A.
• B.
• C.

6. When did the man get his idea for the work?

• A. When painting the concert hall of Bruges.
• B. When vacationing in an Italian coastal city.
• C. When taking pictures for a concert catalogue.
• D. When writing about Belgium’s coastal regions.

Answer: C — When taking pictures for a concert catalogue.

In 2006, when the concert hall of the city of Bruges asked me to take some pictures for a catalogue for a new concert season around the theme of water, I found myself working along the Belgian coastline.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• take some pictures for a catalogue for a new concert season ↔ taking pictures for a concert catalogue

Why the other options are wrong

• A.
• B.
• D.

7. What will happen when the climate catastrophe occurs?

• A. The entire European coastline will be submerged.
• B. The rich heritage of Europe will be lost completely.
• C. The seawater of Europe will be seriously polluted.
• D. The major European scenic spots will disappear.

Answer: A — The entire European coastline will be submerged.

It is clear now that it’s a matter of time before the entire European coastline disappears under water.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• the entire European coastline disappears under water ↔ The entire European coastline will be submerged.

Why the other options are wrong

• B.
• C.
• D.

8. What does the man say about Venice?

• A. Its waterways are being increasingly polluted.
• B. People cannot get around without using boats.
• C. It attracts large numbers of tourists from home and abroad.
• D. Tourists use wooden paths to reach their hotels in the morning.

Answer: D — Tourists use wooden paths to reach their hotels in the morning.

Also, Venice, the city eternally threatened by the sea, where every morning wooden pathways have to be set up to allow tourists to reach their hotels.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• every morning wooden pathways have to be set up to allow tourists to reach their hotels ↔ Tourists use wooden paths to reach their hotels in the morning.

Why the other options are wrong

• A.
• B.
• C.

Section B · Passages

9. What do some people do when they face a new situation?

• A. They make careful preparation beforehand.
• B. They take too many irrelevant factors into account.
• C. They spend too much time anticipating their defeat.
• D. They try hard to avoid getting off on the wrong foot.

Answer: C — They spend too much time anticipating their defeat.

When facing a new situation, some people tend to rehearse their defeat by spending too much time anticipating the worst.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• spending too much time anticipating the worst ↔ spend too much time anticipating their defeat
• rehearse their defeat ↔ anticipating their defeat

Why the other options are wrong

• A.
• B.
• D.

10. What does the research conducted at Stanford University show?

• A. A person’s nervous system is more complicated than imagined.
• B. Golfers usually have positive mental images of themselves.
• C. Mental images often interfere with athletes’ performance.
• D. Thinking has the same effect on the nervous system as doing.

Answer: D — Thinking has the same effect on the nervous system as doing.

Research conducted at Stanford University shows a mental image fires the nervous system the same way as actually doing something.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• a mental image fires the nervous system the same way as actually doing something ↔ Thinking has the same effect on the nervous system as doing

Why the other options are wrong

• A.
• B.
• C.

11. What advice does the speaker give to people in a stressful situation?

• A. Anticipate possible problems.
• B. Make a list of do’s and don’ts.
• C. Picture themselves succeeding.
• D. Try to appear more professional.

Answer: C — Picture themselves succeeding.

Consequently, before going into any stressful situation, focus only on what you want to have happen.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• focus only on what you want to have happen ↔ Picture themselves succeeding

Why the other options are wrong

• A.
• B.
• D.

12. What do we learn about the lawyer in the court?

• A. She wore a designer dress.
• B. She won her first jury trial.
• C. She did not speak loud enough.
• D. She presented moving pictures.

Answer: B — She won her first jury trial.

A few weeks after this positive dress rehearsal, the young lawyer did win.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• the young lawyer did win ↔ She won her first jury trial

Why the other options are wrong

• A.
• C.
• D.

13. What does the new study tell about adding fiber to the teen diet?

• A. Its long-term effects are yet to be proved.
• B. Its health benefits have been overestimated.
• C. It helps people to avoid developing breast cancer.
• D. It enables patients with diabetes to recover sooner.

Answer: C — It helps people to avoid developing breast cancer.

Research now says adding fiber to the teen diet may help lower the risk of breast cancer.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• lower the risk of breast cancer ↔ avoid developing breast cancer
• adding fiber to the teen diet may help ↔ It helps people

Why the other options are wrong

• A.
• B.
• D.

14. What do we learn about the survey of the 44,000 women?

• A. It focused on their ways of life during young adulthood.
• B. It tracked their change in food preferences for 20 years.
• C. It focused on their difference from men in fiber intake.
• D. It tracked their eating habits since their adolescence.

Answer: D — It tracked their eating habits since their adolescence.

They were surveyed about their diets during high school, and their eating habits were tracked for two decades.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• surveyed about their diets during high school ↔ tracked their eating habits since their adolescence
• tracked for two decades ↔ tracked

Why the other options are wrong

• A.
• B.
• C.

15. What explanation does the speaker offer for the research finding?

• A. Fiber may help to reduce hormones in the body.
• B. Fiber may bring more benefits to women than men.
• C. Fiber may improve the function of heart muscles.
• D. Fiber may make blood circulation more smooth.

Answer: A — Fiber may help to reduce hormones in the body.

The finding points to long-standing evidence that fiber may reduce circulating female hormone levels, which could explain the reduced risk.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• fiber may reduce circulating female hormone levels ↔ Fiber may help to reduce hormones in the body.

Why the other options are wrong

• B.
• C.
• D.

Section C · Lectures

16. What is the speaker currently doing?

• A. Observing the changes in marketing.
• B. Conducting research on consumer behavior.
• C. Studying the hazards of young people drinking.
• D. Investigating the impact of media on government.

Answer: B — Conducting research on consumer behavior.

Well, my current research is really about consumer behavior.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• my current research is really about consumer behavior ↔ Conducting research on consumer behavior.

Why the other options are wrong

• A.
• C.
• D.

17. What has the speaker found about young people’s drinking?

• A. It is the cause of many street riots.
• B. It is a chief concern of parents.
• C. It is getting worse year by year.
• D. It is an act of socialising.

Answer: D — It is an act of socialising.

in the case of young people’s drinking, one of the things that I’ve identified is that drinking for people, say, between the ages of 18 and 24 is all about the social activity.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• drinking for people, say, between the ages of 18 and 24 is all about the social activity ↔ It is an act of socialising.

Why the other options are wrong

• A.
• B.
• C.

18. What does the speaker say that his students did last year?

• A. They spent a week studying their own purchasing behavior.
• B. They researched the impact of mobile phones on young people.
• C. They analysed their family budgets over the years.
• D. They conducted a thorough research on advertising.

Answer: A — They spent a week studying their own purchasing behavior.

last year my students spent a week looking at their own purchasing and analysed it in detail from shopping to the relationship that they have with their retail banks and their mobile phone providers.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• spent a week looking at their own purchasing ↔ They spent a week studying their own purchasing behavior.

Why the other options are wrong

• B.
• C.
• D.

19. What do we learn about Sweden?

• A. It is helping its banks to improve efficiency.
• B. It is trying hard to do away with dirty money.
• C. It is the first country to use credit cards in the world.
• D. It is likely to give up paper money in the near future.

Answer: D — It is likely to give up paper money in the near future.

Sweden was the first European country to print and use paper money, but it may soon do away with physical currencies.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• it may soon do away with physical currencies ↔ It is likely to give up paper money in the near future.

Why the other options are wrong

• A.
• B.
• C.

20. What did Claer Barrett want to find out with her experiment?

• A. Whether it is possible to travel without carrying any physical currency.
• B. Whether it is possible to predict how much money one is going to spend.
• C. Whether the absence of physical currency causes a person to spend more.
• D. Whether the absence of physical currency is going to affect everyday life.

Answer: C — Whether the absence of physical currency causes a person to spend more.

Barrett wanted to find out if the absence of physical currency does indeed cause a person to spend more, so she decided to conduct an experiment a few months ago.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• the absence of physical currency does indeed cause a person to spend more ↔ Whether the absence of physical currency causes a person to spend more.

Why the other options are wrong

• A.
• B.
• D.

21. What did Claer Barrett find on her train ride?

• A. There was no food service on the train.
• B. The service on the train was not good.
• C. The restaurant car accepted cash only.
• D. The cash in her handbag was missing.

Answer: C — The restaurant car accepted cash only.

On the way, there was an announcement that the restaurant car was not currently accepting credit cards. The train cars were filled with groans because many of the passengers were traveling without cash.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• the restaurant car was not currently accepting credit cards ↔ The restaurant car accepted cash only.

Why the other options are wrong

• A.
• B.
• D.

22. How did people of the last generation budget their spending?

• A. By putting money into envelopes.
• B. By drawing money week by week.
• C. By limiting their day-to-day spending.
• D. By refusing to buy anything on credit.

Answer: A — By putting money into envelopes.

My parents, when they were younger, used to budget by putting money into envelopes—they’d get paid and they’d immediately separate the cash into piles and put them in envelopes, so they knew what they had to spend week by week.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• budget by putting money into envelopes ↔ By putting money into envelopes.

Why the other options are wrong

• B.
• C.
• D.

23. What is one of the problems the speaker mentions in his talk?

• A. Population explosion.
• B. Chronic hunger.
• C. Extinction of rare species.
• D. Environmental deterioration.

Answer: B — Chronic hunger.

Right now, a billion people are chronically hungry. That means they wake up hungry, they are hungry all day and they go to sleep hungry.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• a billion people are chronically hungry ↔ Chronic hunger.

Why the other options are wrong

• A.
• C.
• D.

24. What does the speaker say about pregnancies?

• A. They contribute to overpopulation.
• B. About half of them are unintended.
• C. They have been brought under control.
• D. The majority of them tend to end halfway.

Answer: B — About half of them are unintended.

This is not only a problem in developing countries; about half of all pregnancies globally are unintended.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• about half of all pregnancies globally are unintended ↔ About half of them are unintended.

Why the other options are wrong

• A.
• C.
• D.

25. How does the speaker view the study of the populations?

• A. It is essential to the wellbeing of all species on earth.
• B. It is becoming a subject of interdisciplinary research.
• C. It is neglected in many of the developing countries.
• D. It is beginning to attract postgraduates’ attention.

Answer: A — It is essential to the wellbeing of all species on earth.

It is the means to intervene more wisely and more effectively in the real world to improve the well being not only of yourself, important as that may be, but of people around you and of other species with whom we share the planet.

Analysis

Paraphrase

• improve the well being not only of yourself … but of people around you and of other species with whom we share the planet ↔ It is essential to the wellbeing of all species on earth.
• I see demography as a central subject ↔ It is essential

Why the other options are wrong

• B.

• C.

• D.

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