[I, T] when two hard surfaces grate as they rub together, they make a sharp unpleasant sound; sb can also make one thing grate against another （使）发出刺耳的声音，发出吱吱嘎嘎的摩擦声
The rusty hinges grated as the gate swung back.
大门荡了回去，生锈的铰链发出吱嘎吱嘎的刺耳声。
~ sth (+ adv./prep.)
He grated his knife across the plate.
他用刀子划过盘子时发出刺耳的声音。
~ sth to rub food against a grater in order to cut it into small pieces 擦碎，磨碎（食物）
grated apple/carrot/cheese, etc.
擦成细丝的苹果、胡萝卜、干酪等
noun
a metal frame for holding the wood or coal in a fireplace 炉条；炉箅